Ship Types

Container ships form the backbone of modern trade. These huge ships transport standard-sized containers between ports around the world, speeding up international trade. Cargo ships are capable of carrying a variety of dry cargoes, liquid cargoes and more. Tanker ships safely transport energy resources and chemicals, while Ro-Ro ships easily transport large vehicles and heavy cargo.

Other types of vessels, such as container carriers, passenger ships, submarine rescuers and warships, also deal with different aspects of maritime transport. Each one serves a specific purpose and finds its place in the vast and diverse world of the seas.

Contianer Ship

Container ship is a cargo ship designed to carry boxes called containers in international standards. It is often preferred in international commercial freight transport as it reduces costs compared to other means of transport. Due to this widespread use, it has become one of the symbols of international trade. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 2019 data, the container ship capacity in the world is 265,668,000 tonnes.

General Cargo Ships

Until the 1960s, these ships were the backbone of all merchant fleets by carrying various dry cargoes and sometimes even liquid cargoes. However, due to the specialised cargo ships (bulk cargo, container, Ro-Ro etc.) that have emerged especially in the last 20-30 years, dry cargo ships, which are losing their importance, are now being built in small sizes and for short distance voyages. The design of the deck, hold and loading-unloading equipment according to the amount of cargo to be carried determines the basic characteristics of a dry bulk carrier.

Bulk Carrier

They are ships that can carry dry cargoes in bulk such as unpackaged mineral ore, scrap metal, grain.

Oil Tanker

Oil tankers are ships carrying crude oil and processed petroleum products. Although tankers carrying crude oil and products are structurally very similar to each other, they differ due to some equipment on them.

Chemical Tanker

Chemical tankers are vessels specially equipped with loading, unloading and safety systems carrying liquid chemical cargoes. The rules regarding the cargoes that can be carried are regulated by the IBC Code published by IMO.

LNG Ship

Gas tankers are ships carrying liquefied (such as LPG, LNG) or compressed gas. These ships are equipped with high safety standards due to the danger posed by the cargo they carry. The tanks containing the cargoes have special cooling systems to keep the gas in liquid form.

VLCC

VLCC (Very Large Crude Carrier) is known as the largest liquid cargo carrying vessels in the world after ULLC (Ultra Low- Cost Carrier) vessels. VLCCs vary between 180 thousand and 320 thousand DWT. These vessels are approximately 300 metres long, 58 metres wide and 31 metres deep.

Ro-Ro

In parallel with the increase in trade volume, new forms of transport have also emerged. Ro-Ro transport, which is expressed as one of these forms of transport, enables the transportation of high-volume vehicles such as cars, trucks, lorries and wagons by sea. In this way, the answer to the question of what is ro ro transport is given. This method, which enables the transport of wheeled land vehicles by sea with ships, has been frequently preferred in recent years. Ro-Ro, which is a transport method that requires serious expertise, allows large vehicles such as trucks to be transported by sea in a short time.

Livestock

In this study, ships carrying live animals, legal regulations and standards are analysed. According to the researches analysed, the most stringent rules are set by the Australian government. There are 150 ships carrying live animals in the world and they constitute 0.034% of the total DWT capacity. Livestock ships, which are generally formed by converting different types of ships, are built in two different types, open or closed, in the capacity range of 2,000-25,000 DWT.

Ship Types

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